1) Tennis Elbow

• Cause: Overuse of forearm muscles, especially with backhand strokes.
• Symptoms: Pain and tenderness on the outer part of the elbow.
• Physiotherapy Treatment:
  • Rest and activity modification
  • Ice therapy to reduce inflammation
  • Forearm stretching and strengthening exercises
  • Eccentric loading exercises (e.g., wrist extension)
  • Manual therapy (soft tissue massage, mobilization)
  • Bracing or taping for support
  • Gradual return to sport program

2) Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy

• Cause: Repetitive overhead motions during serving and smashing.
• Symptoms: Shoulder pain, weakness, and reduced range of motion.
• Physiotherapy Treatment:
  • Postural correction and scapular stabilization exercises
  • Strengthening of rotator cuff muscles (especially supraspinatus and infraspinatus)
  • Manual therapy to address soft tissue restrictions
  • Ice/heat therapy for pain
  • Education on proper technique and shoulder mechanics

3) Ankle Sprain

• Cause: Sudden direction changes or missteps on the court.
• Symptoms: Swelling, bruising, pain, and instability around the ankle.
• Physiotherapy Treatment:
  • I.C.E (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) in acute phase
  • Range of motion and proprioception exercises (e.g., balance board)
  • Strengthening of surrounding musculature (calf, peroneals)
  • Taping or bracing during return-to-play
  • Agility and sport-specific drills for full recovery

4) Knee Injuries

• Cause: Jumping, lunging, and quick stops.
• Symptoms: Pain around kneecap or inside the knee joint.
• Physiotherapy Treatment:
  • Strengthening of quadriceps, glutes, and hamstrings
  • Eccentric exercises for patellar tendon
  • Manual therapy for joint mobilization
  • Functional retraining (jumping, landing techniques)
  • Ice and taping as needed

5) Wrist Strain

• Cause: Excessive topspin, improper grip technique.
• Symptoms: Pain during forehand strokes or wrist movement.
• Physiotherapy Treatment:
  • Rest and immobilization if needed
  • Gentle wrist mobility exercises
  • Progressive strengthening of wrist flexors/extensors
  • Grip technique modification
  • Functional rehab with racket handling

6) Back Pain

• Cause: Rotational forces from serving and groundstrokes.
• Symptoms: Pain, stiffness, or discomfort in the lower back.
• Physiotherapy Treatment:
  • Core stabilization exercises (e.g., planks, bird-dogs)
  • Lumbar mobility and stretching exercises
  • Manual therapy for muscle release or joint mobilization
  • Posture and technique assessment
  • Gradual return to sport with movement correction